Machine learning has been widely applied in well logging formation evaluation studies. However, several challenges negatively impacted the generalization capabilities of machine learning models in practical implementations, such as the mismatch of data domain between training and testing datasets, imbalances among sample categories, and inadequate representation of data model. These issues have…
Rocks formed during different geologic time record the diverse evolution of the geosphere and biosphere. In the past decades, substantial geoscience data have been made open access, providing invaluable resources for studying the stratigraphy in different regions and at different scales. However, many open datasets have information recorded in natural language with heterogeneous terminologies, …