Change detection from traditional 2D optical images has limited capability to model the changes in the height or shape of objects. Change detection using 3D point cloud from photogrammetry or LiDAR surveying can fill this gap by providing critical depth information. While most existing machine learning based 3D point cloud change detection methods are supervised, they severely depend on the ava…
We showed that a mobile handheld laser scanner (HHLS) provides useful features concerning the wood quality-influencing external structures of trees. When linked with wood properties measured at a sawmill utilizing state-of-the-art X-ray scanners, these data enable the training of various wood quality models for use in targeting and planning future wood procurement. A total of 457 Norway spruce …
The application of deep learning methods to remote sensing data has produced good results in recent studies. A promising application area is automatic land cover classification (semantic segmentation) from very high-resolution satellite imagery. However, the deep learning methods require large, labelled training datasets that are suitable for the study area. Map data can be used as training dat…
BIM is a powerful tool for the construction industry as well as for various other industries, so that its use has increased massively in recent years. Laser scanners are usually used for the measurement, which, in addition to the high acquisition costs, also cause problems on reflective surfaces. The use of photogrammetric techniques for BIM in industrial plants, on the other hand, is less wide…
The Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) - based imaging is being intensively explored for precise crop evaluation. Various optical sensors, such as RGB, multi-spectral, and hyper-spectral cameras, can be used for this purpose. Consistent image quality is crucial for accurate plant trait prediction (i.e., phenotyping). However, achieving consistent image quality can pose a challenge as image qualiti…
Increasing tree mortality due to climate change has been observed globally. Remote sensing is a suitable means for detecting tree mortality and has been proven effective for the assessment of abrupt and large-scale stand-replacing disturbances, such as those caused by windthrow, clear-cut harvesting, or wildfire. Non-stand replacing tree mortality events (e.g., due to drought) are more difficul…
Land Use Land Cover (LULC) segmentation is a famous application of remote sensing in an urban environment. Up-to-date and complete data are of major importance in this field. Although with some success, pixel-based segmentation remains challenging because of class variability. Due to the increasing popularity of crowd-sourcing projects, like OpenStreetMap, the need for user-generated content ha…
Precise single tree delineation allows for a more reliable determination of essential parameters such as tree species, height and vitality. Methods of instance segmentation are powerful neural networks for detecting and segmenting single objects and have the potential to push the accuracy of tree segmentation methods to a new level. In this study, two instance segmentation methods, Mask R–CNN…
Forest characteristics vary largely at the regional level and in smaller geographic areas in Finland. The amount of greenhouse gas emissions is related to changes in biomass and the soil type (e.g. upland soils vs. peatlands). In this paper, estimating and explaining spatial patterns of tree biomass change across Finland was the main interest. We analysed biomass changes on different soil and s…
First order geometric network design is an important quality assurance process for terrestrial laser scanning of complex built environments for the construction of digital as-built models. A key design task is the determination of a set of instrument locations or viewpoints that provide complete site coverage while meeting quality criteria. Although simplified point precision measures are often…